Throughout its history, the OCS, formerly SOC, YOC and OCSCG, has had seven IOC members, 22 presidents and seven general secretaries, while 18 athletes and sports officials have been awarded the highest distinction of the International Olympic Committee – the "Olympic Order".

The Olympic Committee of Serbia continues the tradition that began with the founding of the Serbian Olympic Club on February 23, 1910. In 1911 it changed its name to the Central Federal Administration or Central Olympic Club, and on July 17, 1912 it became the Serbian Olympic Committee, i.e. the Olympic Committee of Serbia, as stated on its official seal. The Serbian Olympic Committee was admitted to the IOC at the Congress in Stockholm from July 4 to 17, 1912 (the exact date of admission is unknown, but it is assumed to have been July 17). With the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, the Yugoslav Olympic Committee was founded on December 14, 1919 in Zagreb, continuing the membership of the Serbian Olympic Committee in the IOC without a separate admission.

Major Svetomir Đukić represented the Olympic Committee of Serbia at the IOC Congress in Antwerp on August 18, 1920, where he was also recognized by the IOC as a "delegate" of the Yugoslav Olympic Committee. Thus, the Serbian Olympic Committee continued its work as the Yugoslav Olympic Committee, and from 1927 as the Yugoslav Olympic Committee (YOC). That same year, the headquarters of the YOC were moved from Zagreb back to Belgrade.

After the end of World War II and the revival of Olympic activities worldwide, ahead of the 1948 London Olympic Games, the Yugoslav Olympic Committee resumed its work within FISAJ, and in 1951 became independent, retaining the name – Yugoslav Olympic Committee – until April 3, 2003, when, in accordance with changes in the state, it was renamed the Olympic Committee of Serbia and Montenegro.

Following the separation of Serbia and Montenegro and the dissolution of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, on June 8, 2006, the OCSCG changed its name and returned to its roots as the Olympic Committee of Serbia.

The OCS is a member of

The OCS thus continues the tradition of SOC, YOC and OCSCG, and has participated in all editions of the Summer Olympic Games (since 1912) and the Winter Olympic Games (the Games in Lake Placid 1932 and Squaw Valley 1960 were missed due to high costs, and the Lillehammer 1994 Games due to sanctions).

At the Summer Olympic Games, a total of 119 medals have been won: 34 gold, 41 silver and 44 bronze.

At the Winter Olympic Games, more than 300 athletes of the Yugoslav Olympic team participated and won 4 medals: 3 silver and 1 bronze.

Throughout its history, the OCS, formerly SOC, YOC and OCSCG, has had seven IOC members, 22 presidents and seven general secretaries , while 18 athletes and sports officials have been awarded the highest distinction of the International Olympic Committee – "Olympic Order" .

The Yugoslav Olympic Committee successfully hosted major sporting events: the XIV Winter Olympic Games in Sarajevo in 1984, the VIII Mediterranean Games in Split in 1979, and the World University Games in Zagreb in 1987.

The YOC expressed interest three times in having Belgrade and Yugoslavia host the Summer Olympic Games.

The first time Belgrade and the Yugoslav Olympic Committee announced their candidacy to host the Games was for 1948. This was as early as 1936 when our IOC members, General Svetomir Đukić and Dr. Franjo Bučar, signed the candidacy, but due to World War II it was quietly abandoned. Our capital was twice an official candidate to host the Games. The first serious candidacy ended in the third round of voting in 1986, when the host of the XXV Games in 1992 was decided. In the first round, Belgrade received 13 votes, in the second 11, and in the final round, when eliminated, five votes. Barcelona was selected as host.

At that time, the idea of a permanent candidacy for Belgrade was adopted, and our capital applied to host the “Golden Games” in 1996, marking the 100th anniversary of the modern Olympic Games. Competing cities included Athens, Atlanta, Toronto, Melbourne and Manchester, while Belgrade was eliminated in the first round, receiving only seven out of 86 votes from IOC members. Atlanta was selected, and the idea of a permanent candidacy for Belgrade was abandoned due to UN Security Council sanctions against Yugoslavia.

The YOC also organized the passage of the Olympic flame through Yugoslavia three times – for the 1936 Berlin Games, the 1972 Munich Games, and, of course, the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Olympic Games.